Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
type: channel
description: Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications (EJCEA) is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal dedicated to advancing interdisciplinary research in civil engineering, architecture, construction management, and environmental planning. The journal focuses on innovative strategies and cutting-edge techniques that enhance the quality of the physical environment through sustainable design, engineering solutions, and improved infrastructure development.
publisher: Emirates Scholar Research Center
language: en
publication name: Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
issn: 3006-6948
items: Fire Safety Optimization in UAE High-Rise Buildings (A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Fire Protection Systems)
items: Development of a Standalone Application for Accurate and User-Friendly Prediction of Concrete Compressive Strength Using Ensemble Machine Learning
items: Prediction of Beam-Column Joint Shear Strength Using Machine Learning and a Proposed Design Equation
items: Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Using Data-Driven Parametric Performance Indicators
items: Desert Soil Ecology, Biochar, and Mycorrhiza for Sustainable Agroforestry in Arid Regions – Agroeconomics
items: Enhancing dune sand with biochar: mechanisms, evidence, risks, and a research programme for desert and coastal systems
items: Innovating for a Greener Future: Steel Fiber Reinforcement as a Key to Low-Carbon Concrete Construction
items: Perceptual Intelligence and Passive Energy Saving Strategies in Building Systems: Adaptive Frameworks for Sustainable Performance in Hot Climates
items: From Early Literacy to University Retention A Review Paper on Building a Learning Ecosystem in the UAE for Future Civil Engineering Students
items: Fire Safety and Resilience in UAE High-Rise Buildings (Integrating Materials, Codes, and Management Systems under Extreme Climatic Conditions)
items: A field study compares the use of glass with traditional materials in the context of Dubai. A field study compares the use of glass with traditional materials in the context of Dubai
items: Glass facades, variable and Dubai's climate
items: The thermal efficacy of double, triple, and quadruple glazing under the extreme heat conditions prevalent in Dubai's climate (A field-based investigation).
items: Comprehensive Analysis of Combined Pile Raft Foundation using PLAXIS 3D, SAP 2000, and ELPLA
items: Characterization of Northwest Sinai Clay Based on Field Testing and Hydraulic Properties, A Case Study
items: Evaluation of Lime Mortar and Conservation Techniques in Traditional Elements
items: Small scale testing of shear-bond behavior in composite deck slabs with profiled steel sheeting
items: Prediction of inelastic seismic performance of RC structures using machine learning algorithms
items: Integrating Socio-Cultural Dimensions into Sustainable Urban Planning: Insights from Traditional Urban Forms in the United Arab Emirates
items: Reducing the effect of rising water table on the shallow foundation settlement using geopolymer resin injections
items: The fire safety framework for the buildings in the Emirate of Sharjah, UAE
items: A critical review on the performance of column improved ground under shear and seismic loading
items: Investigating the factors impacting Defect Reporting in the UAE’s Facilities Maintenance Contracts
items: Experimental Study on Palm Fibers Effectiveness for Sustainable Geotechnical Works
items: Machine Learning Approach for Optimization of Concrete Mixes with Supplementary Materials
items: Overview of the Smart City initiatives and challenges in Middle East
items: The soundproofing efficiency of gypsum board in masonry cavity wall
items: Modeling Severities of Gravel Road Crashes Using Random Parameters
items: Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Energy Optimization in Green Buildings: A Case Study of a Residential Villa in the UAE
items: Potential of coastal armour units as energy dissipators to enhance the characteristics of hydraulic jumps

Fire Safety Optimization in UAE High-Rise Buildings (A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Fire Protection Systems)
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description: In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), it is exceptionally hard to keep high-rise buildings safe from fire because of the extreme weather, like heat, UV radiation, and sand in the air, which speeds up the wear and tear on façades and fire-resistant coatings. These stressors make materials less reliable and illustrate how crucial it is to develop standards that are appropriate to dry Gulf conditions. Grenfell Tower and Address Downtown are two big international occurrences that highlight how problems with suppression, compartmentalization, and coordination can make hazards worse. The rapid proliferation of high-rises in the UAE has led to the building of new buildings in a variety of forms and ways of life. The UAE Fire and Life Safety Code require stringent compliance, yet there is a lack of empirical research concerning the relationship between technological systems, regulatory enforcement, and organizational preparation in affecting safety results. This research utilizes sequential mixed methods designed to rectify inadequacy. A stakeholder survey (N = 200) evaluates the roles of fire-resistant materials, construction regulations, and fire safety management systems (FSMS). We learn about maintenance discipline, evacuation performance, and system reliability via case studies and interviews that go together. The study enhances the existing knowledge by (i) evaluating the interplay of system functionality, compliance, and preparedness in enhancing safety, and (ii) providing recommendations for retrofitting, testing, and policy enhancement that consider climate change. The outcomes expand socio-technical perspectives on fire safety and establish a region-specific framework for resilience in UAE high-rises.
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creator: Mohamed Lootah
creator: Kim In Ju
creator: Said Zafar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-06-27
publication date: 2026-06-27
starting page: 118
ending page: 138
doi: 10.54878/qbbdc478

Development of a Standalone Application for Accurate and User-Friendly Prediction of Concrete Compressive Strength Using Ensemble Machine Learning
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description: Concrete compressive strength (CCS) is a key factor that affects the structural service life of structure. Laboratory testing is time consuming, costly, and restricted in applicability for the mix designs. Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a potential alternative to laboratory testing, based upon understanding the non-linear interaction of the variables for the mix design and CCS. This study builds a stacked ensemble (meta-learning) approach for eight distinct machine learning algorithms: Linear Regression, Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, AdaBoost, K Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, and Neural Networks. The UCI benchmark dataset (1,030 examples) with eight features (cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, water, superplasticizer, coarse/fine aggregates, age) and CCS as the target was analyzed. 70/30 splits for train and test sets and multi, level k-fold cross, validation (2–20 folds) were employed for robustness. Analysis of model performance was mainly carried out using R² permutation, based feature importances and one way ANOVA for the categorical variable age. The stacked model resulted in the best overall R²=0.890 (20, fold CV) compared to the best singles' performances (random forest: R²=0.878, gradient boosting: R²=0.874). Graphs for the predicted and actual CCS confirmed a very close fit (variations < 7 MPa). The cross validated model's overall features' importances were dominated by cement, age, and water, which was confirmed using the resulting ANOVA for age influence. As a spin-off, a convenient standalone software for the proposed framework also exists for real-time CCS strength predictions. The standalone application and trained models developed in this study will be made publicly available upon paper acceptance at: https://github.com/tufailmab/ccs-ensemble-predictor
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creator: Tufail Mabood
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 118
ending page: 139
doi: 10.54878/h9yb8c42

Prediction of Beam-Column Joint Shear Strength Using Machine Learning and a Proposed Design Equation
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description: Accurate prediction of shear strength in reinforced concrete beam–column joints is essential for seismic design, yet traditional code-based equations, such as those in ACI 318M-14, often oversimplify complex interactions among geometric, material, and reinforcement parameters, leading to conservatism and high scatter. This study develops three machine learning models—Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and a Stacked Ensemble—using a dataset of 98 experimental specimens with inputs including concrete compressive strength, joint dimensions, reinforcement ratios, axial load, and eccentricity. Gradient Boosting achieved the highest accuracy (R² = 0.994, COV = 1.95%), followed by the Stacked Ensemble (R² = 0.986), while Random Forest showed greater variability (R² = 0.827). Correlation analysis, SHAP values, and feature importance rankings confirmed the dominant roles of concrete strength, beam reinforcement ratio, and column dimensions, aligning with mechanical principles of strut capacity and confinement. A novel empirical equation was calibrated from these insights, offering improved accuracy over balanced ACI provisions. Target permutation validation verified meaningful physical learning. The findings demonstrate the superiority of machine learning for capturing nonlinear joint behavior and provide a more reliable basis for design and retrofitting.
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creator: Tufail Mabood
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-06-21
publication date: 2026-06-21
starting page: 81
ending page: 100
doi: 10.54878/ay1rt369

Optimization of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Using Data-Driven Parametric Performance Indicators
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description: The present study proposes a multi-objective optimization model for reinforced concrete deep beams based on the study and improvement of structural performance using multi objective optimization. In traditional design methodologies, the complex relationships between various parameters are generally ignored. The present study was based on the formulation of four objectives: (Cross-sectional Efficiency), (Reinforcement Contribution Ratio), (Tensile Mechanism), and (Structural Gradient). The objectives , , , and were combined with various parameters and material characteristics to obtain optimal design findings. and are related to efficient cross-sectional design and uniform stress. and are related to tensile and compressive effects of vertical and horizontal bars. The conclusions revealed efficient design and proportions of reinforced materials for capacities to bear loads and minimal use of materials. The importance of multi-objective optimization is emphasized in the discussion, which states that it gives a more precise view of structural behavior than the conventional single-parameter design. In general, the paper has established a generalized design approach for reinforced concrete deep beams that incorporate efficiency, safety, and practicability. The results of this research provide valuable information for engineers and pave the way for further experimental verification and parametric studies.
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creator: Tufail Mabood
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-06-19
publication date: 2026-06-19
starting page: 101
ending page: 117
doi: 10.54878/xqyna996

Desert Soil Ecology, Biochar, and Mycorrhiza for Sustainable Agroforestry in Arid Regions – Agroeconomics
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description: Arid and semi-arid lands are frequently framed as marginal or degradable spaces, yet drylands cover a substantial fraction of the terrestrial surface and support diverse biota, cultural landscapes, and livelihoods. This article redrafts and substantially expands an attached narrative review addressing desert soil ecology, biochar amendments, and mycorrhizal symbioses as foundations for sustainable agroforestry and restoration in arid regions. We synthesis evidence across Earth-system dust biogeochemistry, dryland soil pulse dynamics, biological soil crust functioning, biochar agronomy and stability, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) mechanisms for drought and salinity tolerance. The synthesis highlights three overarching conclusions. First, dust and surface biocrusts are not peripheral phenomena but core regulators of desert nutrient and microbial connectivity, and therefore require protection within any land-management intervention. Second, biochar can improve water retention in sandy soils and ameliorate salinity in salt-affected soils, yet outcomes are heterogeneous and contingent on feedstock chemistry, production conditions, soil properties, and time since application, demanding context-specific design and monitoring. Third, AMF are credible biological tools for enhancing plant stress resilience—including in date palm systems—but inoculation success in deserts depends on compatibility with native communities and on co-management with soil physical amendments and irrigation practices. We integrate these findings into a systems framework for desert agroforestry that priorities native species, water-harvesting micro infrastructure, and, where warranted, the co-application of biochar with tailored microbial inoculate. We also evaluate the climate-mitigation framing of dryland forestation, noting that albedo feedbacks can offset much of the cooling benefit of carbon sequestration, reinforcing the need for locally grounded objectives and rigorous monitoring, rep…
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creator: Mohamed Alnuaimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-06-17
publication date: 2026-06-17
starting page: 62
ending page: 80
doi: 10.54878/r0g1jb56

Enhancing dune sand with biochar: mechanisms, evidence, risks, and a research programme for desert and coastal systems
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description: Biochar amendments are increasingly proposed to “enhance dune sand” by increasing water retention, nutrient availability, microbial colonisation, and vegetation establishment, thereby stabilising mobile sands and improving resilience in arid and coastal landscapes. Yet dune sands are not merely “sandy soils”; they are active geomorphic substrates governed by aeolian transport thresholds, sediment supply, surface moisture, fetch effects, and vegetation–sediment feedbacks. We synthesise evidence spanning soil physics, soil microbiology, dune eco-geomorphology, and governance, and critically evaluate the applicability of biochar for dune systems. Meta-analyses indicate that biochar often increases plant-available water in coarse-textured soils by roughly one-quarter on average, with stronger effects at moderate-to-high application rates and depending on biochar properties and placement. Mechanistic studies show that biochar alters pore networks and can increase the abundance and diversity of microbial communities, with larger pores (>5 μm) and heterogeneous pore architectures linked to the provision of microbial habitats and community shifts. Dune-specific risks include particulate emissions and loss of biochar carbon via wind-driven abrasion and resuspension, with laboratory and field evidence that biochar amendments can substantially increase PM emissions under certain wind regimes. We propose an integrated research programme combining (i) microcosm studies isolating pore-structure and inoculation effects; (ii) mesocosm and wind-tunnel experiments quantifying erosion resistance, threshold shear velocity, and particle loss; (iii) field trials in desert and coastal dunes with coupled hydrological and geomorphic monitoring; and (iv) modelling that links pore-scale processes to dune-scale evolution metrics. We also assess regulatory and standards landscapes, including EU fertilising product rules for pyrolysis/gasification materials, biochar certification thresholds for …
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creator: Mohamed Alnuaimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-06-17
publication date: 2026-06-17
starting page: 47
ending page: 61
doi: 10.54878/fvsy3m15

Innovating for a Greener Future: Steel Fiber Reinforcement as a Key to Low-Carbon Concrete Construction
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description: The construction industry in GCC experiences continuous challenges in achieving sustainability targets toward net zero emissions by 2030 in alignment with the universal sustainable development goals. Concrete structures specifically contribute to most upfront carbon dioxide emissions that resulted from the clinker production of ordinary cement which generates high amounts of carbon emissions and uses high rates of energy which is against the sustainable development initiatives to lower the energy consumption in GCC. Having concrete is weak in resisting tensile stresses, most concrete applications are reinforced with steel mesh, and the steel reinforcement has high environmental product declared values as the process of production is energy intensive. Steel fiber concrete is strongly introduced as a sustainable solution and alternative to the steel reinforcement in concrete. Its high ability to heal and control the cracks in concrete by enhancing the ductility of concrete. Considering its lower declared values of carbon emissions compared to the normal steel mesh, the steel fiber has positioned itself as a promising solution to decarbonize different applications such as residential slab on grades. Additionally, the hybrid effect of adding steel fiber with steel reinforcement as combined increases the tensile resistance of concrete lowering the required amount of basic steel reinforcement to control crack widths. Steel fiber also improves the shear resistance of concrete which significantly reduces the element thickness under high concentrations of loads giving more alternative to architectural intents , cutting cost of materials and lowering the upfront carbon emissions. This paper investigates the environmental impacts of using steel fiber in residential slab on grades presenting a case study of project (Expo the Valley) in UAE where the steel fiber Dramix® had been utilized to optimize the thickness of slab on grades and replaced the steel mesh saving significant l…
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creator: Ahmad Mandalawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-05-13
publication date: 2026-05-13
starting page: 42
ending page: 46
doi: 10.54878/1959z822

Perceptual Intelligence and Passive Energy Saving Strategies in Building Systems: Adaptive Frameworks for Sustainable Performance in Hot Climates
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description: This paper investigates how perceptual awareness of daylight contributes to passive energy-saving strategies and the overall performance of building systems in hot climates. The study aims to identify how human cognition and environmental perception—often neglected in technologically oriented sustainability approaches—affect the energy efficiency of built environments. Methodologically, the research applies a comparative qualitative framework, combining theoretical analysis of environmental perception models with case studies of vernacular architecture in arid regions. Architectural examples from Qajar-era buildings in Kashan, Iran, were analyzed to examine how spatial configuration, material selection, and daylight modulation enabled adaptive thermal comfort and visual quality without mechanical intervention. Results indicate that vernacular passive systems effectively integrated perceptual feedback and user participation, allowing occupants to regulate comfort through intuitive spatial behaviors. In contrast, contemporary mechanically controlled buildings often disrupt this cognitive-environmental connection, leading to increased energy use and reduced user engagement. The findings highlight the need to reintegrate perceptual feedback mechanisms into modern green-building technologies—including smart façades, daylight-responsive dashboards, and adaptive lighting systems. Embedding behavioral and perceptual intelligence into building-management frameworks enhances both energy efficiency and occupant satisfaction. The study concludes that future sustainability depends on systemic cooperation between human perception and adaptive control systems. Integrating passive design principles with perceptually informed technologies provides a pragmatic pathway toward low-carbon, high-performance building systems that cultivate user awareness alongside technological precision.
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creator: Mahsa Malekazari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-04-01
publication date: 2026-04-01
starting page: 36
ending page: 41
doi: 10.54878/d283zx30

From Early Literacy to University Retention A Review Paper on Building a Learning Ecosystem in the UAE for Future Civil Engineering Students
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description: Success in education is a process that can take decades, and success in complex engineering education does not start at the university level. It is far easier to succeed in civil engineering education if there is a solid foundational system that includes early literacy and cognitive development. In the case of the United Arab Emirates, the civil engineering education system requires a comprehensive pedagogical framework to strengthen collaborative literacy practices at the family, school, community, and university levels. This integrated approach will enhance the cognitive persistence of future engineering students and improve their retention. Moreover, aligning educational policies with industry needs and fostering early exposure to problem, solving, critical thinking, and STEM, related activities can further strengthen this ecosystem. Encouraging parental engagement, teacher training, and community, driven initiatives will create a culture that values engineering thinking from an early age. Such a holistic model supports not only academic success but also the development of resilient, innovative, and industry, ready graduates capable of contributing to national development goals.
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creator: Maha Alameri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-03-31
publication date: 2026-03-31
starting page: 24
ending page: 35
doi: 10.54878/2xdvv793

Fire Safety and Resilience in UAE High-Rise Buildings (Integrating Materials, Codes, and Management Systems under Extreme Climatic Conditions)
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description: In 2025, there were more than 180 fires in tall buildings in the UAE. This study investigates the influence of fire protection systems, regulatory compliance, and emergency readiness on occupant safety. A mixed-methods approach combined a survey of 250 stakeholders with 15 interviews performed across ten towers in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Sharjah. The dependability was quite high (Cronbach's α = 0.93). The regression analysis confirmed substantial effects: emergency preparation (β = 0.44), compliance (β = 0.27), and system functionality (β = 0.23). Mediation studies demonstrated that fire-safety management systems (FSMS) influence compliance (β = 0.84, p < 0.01). Case studies indicated that it is easier to keep and maintain modern towers. But alarms and drills don't operate well with older materials. The results suggest that redundancy, gradual failure, and swift recovery are all critical features of resilience engineering. The results support quarterly drills, risk-based façade inspections, targeted retrofits, and digital integration with civil defense. All of these will help you design a fire policy that works in dry cities.
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creator: Mohamed Abdalla Lootah
creator: In Ju Kim
creator: Zafar Said
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2026-02-27
publication date: 2026-02-27
starting page: 4
ending page: 23
doi: 10.54878/bnk23d64

A field study compares the use of glass with traditional materials in the context of Dubai. A field study compares the use of glass with traditional materials in the context of Dubai
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description: Dubai's climate at 25.16°N and 55.18°E is hot and humid. The city is famous for its modern glass buildings. This paper argues that advanced glass does not worsen the urban heat island effect in Dubai. The methodology involves a high-rise building with a glass façade. Thermal cameras and heat loggers were used to collect data. The data were organized using a mathematical equation and analyzed with a Python program. Results are available at (https://github.com).
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creator: Nada Salih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 102
ending page: 116
doi: 10.54878/ns25w167

Glass facades, variable and Dubai's climate
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description: Dubai's architectural landscape is defined by the extensive use of glass in its towering skyscrapers. Thus, glass selection is key for thermal performance, solar gain, and indoor comfort (Santamouris et al. 2020). This study examines the various factors that affect glass facade performance, including U-value, Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC), Shading Coefficient (SC), and Visible Light Transmission (VLT) as mentioned for Dubai climate. It outlines methodologies for optimizing glazing systems suited to Dubai’s extremely warm & humid environment and presents a range of data, standards, and cutting-edge technologies such as multilayer glazing, advanced coatings, and gas fills. The primary aim is to enhance decision-making in design while complying with sustainable building codes.
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creator: Nada Salih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 87
ending page: 101
doi: 10.54878/pn00gj08

The thermal efficacy of double, triple, and quadruple glazing under the extreme heat conditions prevalent in Dubai's climate (A field-based investigation).
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description: This study thoroughly investigated the thermal characteristics of three distinct glazing types utilized in Dubai: double glazing (DGU), triple glazing (TGU), and quadruple glazing (QGU). A thermal chamber was constructed employing these three glazing forms, which underwent exposure to the severe summer conditions representative of Dubai. The thermal metrics within the chamber were documented and subsequently compared for analytical purposes. Environmental data loggers were placed inside to monitor air temperature and humidity in three compartments. The objective was to compare thermal performance in (QGU), (TGU), and (DGU) compartments due to U-value differences. The QGU compartment was expected to have a lower temperature, indicating better thermal performance. To establish a benchmark, an independent weather station was used to measure the microclimate at the experimental location, and south orientation was selected for the test. Findings show significant thermal efficiency differences between glazing types, as (QGU) performs exceptionally well, with lower air temperatures compared to (TGU) and (DGU). The findings were provided by the heat index formula and supported by the data that provided better thermal comfort indoors.
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creator: Nada Salih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 63
ending page: 86
doi: 10.54878/wvr24c41

Comprehensive Analysis of Combined Pile Raft Foundation using PLAXIS 3D, SAP 2000, and ELPLA
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description: Considering the growing population and limited land availability, towering buildings with several basements have been built to increase floor area ratios while also meeting storage and parking needs. The design of Combined Pile Raft Foundations (CPRF) is crucial in supporting complex structures. Still, traditional techniques frequently ignore the interplay between pile-to-pile and pile-to-raft, compromising the overall performance and reliability of the foundation system. CPRF analysis is carried out using a variety of software packages, including PLAXIS 3D, SAP 2000, ETABS, and the recently announced ELPLA, each having its own set of capabilities, constraints, and user interfaces. To assess their reliability and applicability, this study offers a thorough comparative analysis of CPRF systems utilizing these techniques in five case studies. The findings indicate that PLAXIS 3D, a Finite Element Method (FEM) program, is the most accurate and dependable instrument for comprehensive analysis. In contrast, ELPLA was shown to underestimate loads, potentially leading to unsafe designs, whereas the Winkler Model for Piled Raft (WMPR) produced contradictory results, rendering both only appropriate for exploratory studies. These findings provide useful information for selecting appropriate software for CPRF analysis based on accuracy, dependability, and design safety factors.
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creator: Fayyaz Ullah
creator: Hamad Khan
creator: Sohail Akhtar
creator: Irfan Jamil
creator: Yazeed A. Alsharedah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 48
ending page: 62
doi: 10.54878/caybdn69

Characterization of Northwest Sinai Clay Based on Field Testing and Hydraulic Properties, A Case Study
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description: This paper presents a comprehensive case study focusing on a project located in northwest Sinai. The area under consideration is renowned for its deep soft clay deposits, posing significant challenges for construction and geotechnical engineering. The study draws attention to improving Northwest Sinai clay through the utilization of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) associated with preloading, enabling successful construction, and mitigating potential geotechnical risks. In principle, the PVD accelerates the consolidation process of the clay layer. This consolidation process always relies mainly on the hydraulic properties of the soil; hence, a proper estimation of these properties should precede the design of the soil improvement system using PVD and preloading. This research aims to present the characterization of the natural soil layers in terms of soil types, strength, deformation parameters, and hydraulic characteristics obtained from field boreholes and CPTu. Numerical analysis was carried out to assess the estimation and refinement of the soil layers by comparing predictions with settlement measurements for a trial embankment. The findings of the case study are discussed drawing attention to the significance of the proper estimation of the hydraulic properties of the soil layers in the optimization and effectiveness of the design of PVD.
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creator: Mahmoud Amer
creator: Sherif Akl
creator: Mohamed El-Taher
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 36
ending page: 47
doi: 10.54878/mh5t7m88

Evaluation of Lime Mortar and Conservation Techniques in Traditional Elements
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description: Architecture and construction methods have been developed by the people who have been living around the word through centuries. Unlike now, in the past the quality of building materials were so different, because of lack of process control and variability in the local sources. Hence each place had different building materials comparing to other places. For many years, lime mortar had been used as the main mortar material in Sharjah traditional masonry. The source of the lime was mainly from coral and lime stones which could be found on the coastal area. This paper aims to prove the compatibility between existing and old lime plus the efficiency of using lime mortar in Sharjah restoration projects. The study has three aims: The first aim is to identify and examine the chemical components of old mortar samples that exist in different heritage buildings in Sharjah by XRF and SEM tests. The second aim is to prepare a new mortar samples with components based on the first aim and examine them by the same tests in the first stages. The last aim is to determine the quality of the new mortar in existing restoration projects in Sharjah city that are exposed to harsh environment factors.
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creator: Kamyar Kamyab
creator: Adil K. Al-Tamimi
creator: Ghanim A. Kashwani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 26
ending page: 35
doi: 10.54878/ws1tca05

Small scale testing of shear-bond behavior in composite deck slabs with profiled steel sheeting
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description: This study investigates the shear-bond behavior of composite deck slabs incorporating profiled steel sheeting through a series of small-scale push-off and pull-out tests. The experimental program evaluates the influence of mechanical interlock, friction, and embossment geometry on the interface performance between concrete and steel sheeting. Specimens were prepared using galvanized steel profiles and tested under varying vertical loads to simulate realistic shear conditions. The results demonstrate that re-entrant features and embossments significantly enhance shear resistance by preventing horizontal slip and vertical separation. Frictional coefficients were quantified, and failure mechanisms were observed to resemble those in full-scale slab tests. The findings provide critical insights for developing finite element models and optimizing composite slab design, offering a cost-effective alternative to full-scale testing.
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creator: Imad Chobaki
creator: Hamza Yakub
creator: Sokrates Ioannou
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-07-20
publication date: 2025-07-20
starting page: 14
ending page: 25
doi: 10.54878/zedr2243

Prediction of inelastic seismic performance of RC structures using machine learning algorithms
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description: Incorporation of Machine Learning (ML) techniques in determining dynamic properties for the structural systems that manifest non-linearity in behavior with respect to the geometry attributes under seismic response was the main scope of the current work. The fundamental period of the vibration (T-period) for the moment-resisting frame of reinforced concrete structures was selected as a studied parameter for validating applicability of utilizing ML approach in prediction of uncertainties earthquake engineering. Artificial neural network (ANN) and Vector Machine (SVM) with devised embedded Kernel functions was based ML implementation for prediction of T-period. Radial basis function (RBF), Exponential RBF and Sigmoid were set up as kernel functions for supervising and enhancing accuracy of learning SVM model to the primitive dataset. The findings attempted to generate intuitive with high accuracy relationships for the models with less discrepancies compared to the conventional that based linear regression.
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creator: Areej T. Almalkawi
creator: Rami A. Hawileh
creator: Hussam Safieh
creator: Wenda Wu
creator: Mohammed A. Al-Osta
creator: Jamal A. Abdalla
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 4
ending page: 13
doi: 10.54878/2nm0s449

Integrating Socio-Cultural Dimensions into Sustainable Urban Planning: Insights from Traditional Urban Forms in the United Arab Emirates
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description: This paper examines the interplay between social and cultural sustainability in shaping the spatial organization of communities, with a specific focus on traditional urban forms in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It explores whether these communities integrate socio-cultural aspects architecturally and spatially, and how such integration can inform contemporary of sustainable development strategies. The paper commences with a review of the spatial morphology of traditional UAE urban forms, highlighting the influence of socio-cultural interactions on the arrangement of social spaces and daily practices. By focusing on the UAE's traditional communities, the paper underscores the importance of integrating social and cultural dimensions into sustainable urban planning. In the second part of the paper socio-cultural entity is illustrated through different models indicating the main pillars and components of sustainability. The third part of the paper includes conclusion and recommendations for the importance of integrating social and cultural dimensions into the UAE sustainable Urban Planning. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on sustainable development by offering insights into how socio-cultural sustainability can influence urban open space design, thereby advancing the pursuit of balanced, inclusive, and enduring built environments. The paper closes with a discussion of the insights that were provided and recommendations for future research areas.
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creator: Issam Ezzeddine
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-06-19
publication date: 2025-06-19
starting page: 57
ending page: 69
doi: 10.54878/nt512r85

Reducing the effect of rising water table on the shallow foundation settlement using geopolymer resin injections
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description: The settlement of shallow foundations on granular soils is a critical factor in their design, and the rise of the water table due to seasonal or hydrological changes can lead to additional settlements, affecting the structural integrity of the asset. This paper investigates the use of expanding geopolymer resin injections as a cost-effective alternative solution to reduce foundation settlement due to a rising water table through numerical modeling. The study utilizes the PLAXIS software to run a series of virtual experiments, assessing the effect of geopolymer resin injections on foundation settlement with different rising water tables. The study found that geopolymer resin injections can reduce the impact of rising water tables on the settlement of shallow foundations and it is most effective when applied within the influence zone of the foundation.
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creator: Mohamed Wehbi
creator: Marwan Alzaylaie
creator: Otso Lahtinen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-06-17
publication date: 2025-06-17
starting page: 51
ending page: 56
doi: 10.54878/9y9zte07

The fire safety framework for the buildings in the Emirate of Sharjah, UAE
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description: The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the current fire management system for residential buildings in the Emirate of Sharjah, propose a framework to reduce fire accidents in these buildings, evaluate the current implemented practices, and identify the necessary changes to transform the fire management system from reactive to proactive. The careful identification of the research objective informs the design of the proposed framework. Identify the factors affecting the performance of the Fire Management System for the residential buildings in the Emirate of Sharjah. Evaluate the factors affecting the performance of the Fire Management System. Develop an im-proved framework that enhances the performance of the Fire Management System in the Emirate of Sharjah and validate it through the subject matter experts. The results of the evaluation of the current fire management system in the Emirate of Sharjah revealed that it consists of two main elements: protection and response. Comparing with the best practices that include four elements: prevention, protection, response, and resilience, the two elements added to the proposed improved frameworks to fill the gap.
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creator: Musab Omar
creator: Abdelgadir Mahmoud
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-03-26
publication date: 2025-03-26
starting page: 43
ending page: 50
doi: 10.54878/y52ttp21

A critical review on the performance of column improved ground under shear and seismic loading
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description: This paper reviews the performance of conventional stone column improved ground under static shear conditions and seismic loading. The limitations of stone columns in resisting lateral spreading due to shear movements and ground motions are detailed from extensive literature review. Suggestions for improving the shear resistance of improved ground with alternatives to stone column are incorporated. The better performance of pervious concrete column as an alternative to stone column under static shear and seismic loading is also briefed.
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creator: Rashma R.S.V
creator: Jayalekshmi B.R
creator: Shivashankar R
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-03-26
publication date: 2025-03-26
starting page: 27
ending page: 42
doi: 10.54878/m6txw724

Investigating the factors impacting Defect Reporting in the UAE’s Facilities Maintenance Contracts
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description: Purpose – In order to achieve value for money, it is pivotal to assess maintenance projects at the handover and operational stages and to create a good defect report. This study highlights the importance of managing defect report to achieve better management control during the awarding of contracts for the operation and maintenance phase of buildings. The lack of best practices for defect reporting of the management of contractors results in unnecessary costs, leading to a lack of trust in the contractual relationship between parties. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted a literature review to uncover the factors that impact defect report management during maintenance outsourcing. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches were used to compare the current and best practices of defect report management and to suggest improvements and ensure better awareness of both clients and service providers. Findings – Study reports importance of involving facilities management in early stages of construction projects to reduce operation and maintenance defects and there are several factors are responsible for the quality of defect reporting: involving facilities management in the early stages of construction, controlling and pre-evaluating the contract type, payment mechanisms, contract duration, acting in mutual trust, negotiating service level agreements during mobilisation, and the adequacy of the mobilisation period. These add value to facilities management contracts and reduce operational and contractual disputes. Originality/value – This study addresses the current method and practices of defect report management, discusses its impacts on the outsourcing of maintenance activities, and turns the client’s focus towards managing the fair mobilisation and demobilisation of service providers.
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creator: Youssif Hagibrahim
creator: Dima Alkawadri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-02-25
publication date: 2025-02-25
starting page: 14
ending page: 26
doi: 10.54878/4wvjg795

Experimental Study on Palm Fibers Effectiveness for Sustainable Geotechnical Works
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description: The construction sector in the middle eastern region has been poised towards a rapid growth period in recent years. Owing to an abundance of date palm trees in the area, replacing ordinary concrete with a geopolymer and natural palm fiber-based material can be potentially considered as an eco-friendly construction alternative. This study focused on utilizing fly ash and slag blended GeoCement to produce geopolymer concrete without fibers, palm GeoCrete with palm fibers, and master GeoCrete with synthetic master fibers. The mix design preparations were in accordance with locally produced concrete in Dubai. Additionally, to explore the effectiveness of palm fibers on the resultant blends, their key properties were compared to traditional Portland Cement concrete mixes. The tests were inclusive of fresh and hard concrete tests to assess their performance. The GeoCrete blends achieved acceptable density and air content values. The addition of palm fibers to GeoCrete caused a reduction in porosity and void percentage. The resultant data clearly indicated that GeoCrete, Palm GeoCrete, and Master GeoCrete are feasible for usage in various ground conditions and geotechnical applications.
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creator: Carine Abou Hammine
creator: Marwan Alzaylaie
creator: Warren Mckenzie
creator: Omer Mughieda
creator: Osama Mohamed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2025-02-24
publication date: 2025-02-24
doi: 10.54878/9bg5gv40

Machine Learning Approach for Optimization of Concrete Mixes with Supplementary Materials
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description: Durability of concrete has always been an important topic since many concrete failures or signs of failure result from exposure to severe service or environmental conditions. The Gulf region has a harsh metrological environment and is currently witnessing a wide urbanization development. Billions of dollars are being spent on reinforced concrete construction projects and their repair in this region. These projects will not only exert pressure on resources but will also require high-performance materials for long-lasting durability and efficient repair systems. This study investigates the optimization of concrete mix designs using machine learning techniques, specifically focusing on the interplay between Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Micro silica content, and their effects on concrete water permeability and cost. A Random Forest Regressor was employed to model the complex relationships between these variables, revealing key insights into how varying proportions of GGBS and Micro silica influence the overall performance and economic feasibility of concrete mixes. The analysis identified an optimal mix containing 61.1% GGBS and 14 kg/m³ micro silica, which achieves a favorable balance between low water permeability (1.37 mm) and cost efficiency (49.5 USD/m³). The insights gained from the model can inform better material selection for mix designs, contributing to more durable and cost-effective concrete structures, reducing the need for costly repairs, and minimizing resource consumption in urban development projects.
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creator: Rami Alsodi
creator: Mufid Samarai
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2024-12-28
publication date: 2024-12-28
starting page: 90
ending page: 97
doi: 10.54878/mcndeh60

Overview of the Smart City initiatives and challenges in Middle East
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description: Cities already house half of the world's population, a proportion that is expected to rise to 70% by 2050 (Kirimtat et al., 2020). This expansion has caused cities to expand at an alarming rate, affecting the quality and performance of their services as well as their residents' quality of life. Many countries and governments around the world have begun taking action and developing potential strategies to mitigate the negative effects of overpopulation and climate change, as well as to create urban spaces where people can carry out their daily activities with high success rates in a sustainable, creative, and socially responsible environment. Due to the potential for developing innovative solutions for the social and environmental problems that are constantly changing and evolving based on the responses of the public, the concept of smart cities has recently gained popularity in developed nations primarily in Europe and the USA. Problems related to health, traffic, and pollution, scarcity of resources, waste management and poor infrastructure arises and hence development of city falls apart. These problems undermine the growth of city and dismantle it completely. This has led to application and adaptation of technology as a solution of all these issues hence the concept of Smart Cities is developed. Smart Cities bring solutions to sustainable environment. As a result, numerous governments and businesses from the private sector are starting various field test initiatives all around the world (Lai et al., 2020). Moreover, other regions such as Middle East, UAE and Saudi Arabia have also started considering smart city initiative as modern more accessible alternatives for their needs. This paper will use literature reviews to look at the aspects of “smart cities”, their applicability and adoption in Middle East, in addition this paper will discuss the challenges that need to be considered when designing a smart city.
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creator: Esraa Daouda
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2024-12-19
publication date: 2024-12-19
starting page: 83
ending page: 89
doi: 10.54878/0pgm4m83

The soundproofing efficiency of gypsum board in masonry cavity wall
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description: Noise pollution is a globally recognized problem impacting public health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate effective noise-blocking methods using a soundproofing masonry cavity wall filled with gypsum boards. The experiments were conducted using small-scale built rooms, where sound was sourced and received to measure soundproofing efficiency. Various setups were assessed, including different thicknesses of gypsum boards combined with mineral wool and air gaps. The results revealed that adding gypsum boards can improve soundproofing; however, the improvement is marginal unless combined with additional materials. However, the combination of materials within the cavity, such as gypsum boards, mineral wool, and air gaps, provided better soundproofing, particularly in the frequency range of 500-8000 Hz. This integrated approach to filling the cavity proved more effective than using gypsum boards or air alone, offering a solution for noise reduction in masonry structures.
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creator: Rail Khairullin
creator: Karol S. Sikora
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2024-11-28
publication date: 2024-11-28
starting page: 69
ending page: 82
doi: 10.54878/kjxhte42

Modeling Severities of Gravel Road Crashes Using Random Parameters
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description: Gravel roads crashes are a roadway safety hazard and such crashes have higher probability of fatalities and serious injuries when compared to paved roads crashes. Previous studies investigated the contributing factors that affect gravel roads crash severities. There were widely range of contributory factors such as road conditions, weather conditions, vehicle type, driver behavior and characteristics, road geometric features, terrain, and environmental conditions that were investigated. However, no previous studies accounted for unobserved heterogeneity in the crash data while modeling gravel roads crash severities. This study employed random-parameter binary logit model also known as mixed logit model to model severity of gravel road crashes in Wyoming. Gravel roads crash data from Wyoming Department of Transportation from 2010 to 2019 were studied and analyzed. Both binary logistic regression model and mixed binary logistic regression model were developed. Mixed logistic binary regression model was found to be better fit the data in terms of goodness of fit statistics. The results showed that crashes involving motorcycles had the higher risk of fatalities and serious injuries. In addition, horizontal curves and male drivers were found to have significant effect on the gravel roads crash severities. Passenger cars were found as a random parameter from the results of mixed binary logistic regression model. In addition, existence of horizontal curve was found to be the most contributing factors increase the probability of having minor or possible injuries in gravel roads accidents. Furthermore, having a snow on the road surface was found to have significant effect on increasing the probability of resulting in property damage only accidents. The results found in this study will be helpful to identify effective countermeasures which will reduce gravel road crash severity. Thus, applied variable speed limits at the horizontal curves location and at snow falling time wil…
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creator: Osama Abu Daoud
creator: Uttara Roy
creator: Khaled Ksaibati
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2024-11-28
publication date: 2024-11-28
starting page: 55
ending page: 68
doi: 10.54878/xy70mf85

Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Energy Optimization in Green Buildings: A Case Study of a Residential Villa in the UAE
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description: This paper explores the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in evaluating and optimizing energy efficiency in green buildings, focusing on a residential villa in Sharjah, UAE. The study assesses thermal bridges, energy consumption, and the potential energy savings from applying insulation. The villa’s energy performance was modeled using Revit and IES-VE software, and actual energy consumption was measured for comparison. The results show that applying insulation could reduce the villa's energy consumption by up to 17.91 MWh annually, confirming the accuracy of BIM in simulating energy performance. Additionally, this paper discusses how improvements in insulation and thermal management can significantly reduce the energy demands of residential buildings in hot climates.
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creator: Adil K. Tamimi
creator: Ghanim Kashwani
creator: Amr Hamam
creator: Ismail Abu AlHaj
creator: Yousef Himeidi
creator: Bilal Ramadan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2024-11-27
publication date: 2024-11-27
starting page: 51
ending page: 54
doi: 10.54878/mpv0jg86

Potential of coastal armour units as energy dissipators to enhance the characteristics of hydraulic jumps
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description: Energy dissipating structures are strategically positioned at the base of dam spillways to prevent riverbed erosion and safeguard downstream infrastructures. The objective of this study is to experimentally explore the potential of a novel approach involving the use of coastal structures, known as armour units, as energy dissipators. Two armor unit models were designed using AutoCAD by adopting the geometry of a wave and tetrapod, and subsequently fabricated using a 3D printer with polyactic acid (PLA) material. Using a HM 160 Hydraulic Flume, experiments were performed by simulating discharge over short-crested weir, with a sloped spillway, and generating hydraulic jumps over the armour units that were installed downstream. Inflow conditions of the jumps ranged from a Froude value (Fr1) of 1.7 to 4.0. It was observed that both the wave and tripod structures induced a ski-jump effect before the hydraulic jump, which would facilitate the transportation of sediments and minimize scour risks in practical applications. Additionally, the energy dissipation level through the jumps had improved by four-fold as the height of the ski-jump doubled. Both structures also caused a significant reduction in sequent depth and length of the hydraulic jumps, up to 40% and 50%, respectively, as compared to the classical hydraulic jump formation on a smooth bed, which may lead to a more cost-effective basin design. Overall, the findings of this research highlights the possibility of utilizing a minimal number of units for adequate energy dissipation, offering significant advantages in scenarios where mitigating flood energy in open channels is required.
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creator: Morsaleen S Chowdhury
creator: Abdullah M S Al-Hadhrami
creator: Mohammed Abdelfattah
creator: Nasra S S Al Sharji
creator: Sokrates Ioannou
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Emirati Journal of Civil Engineering and Applications
date: 2024-11-27
publication date: 2024-11-27
starting page: 39
ending page: 50
doi: 10.54878/d61dr465