International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
type: channel
description: The mission of the International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences (IJCSTS) is to significantly enrich and expand understanding across a wide range of disciplines within the field of civilization studies and tolerance sciences. The journal serves as an intellectual platform dedicated to advancing the study of human societies, cultures, and the principles of coexistence, with a particular emphasis on fostering mutual understanding and respect across diverse groups.
publisher: Emirates Scholar Research Center
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
issn: 3007-6382
items: Redefining Arab identity as an open project in a world
items: Acquiring through Letting Go the Bikkurim Commandment and the Foundations of Private Property
items: الحكم الذاتي: المفاهيم والنماذج والتحديات
items: صنع السلام بين الاسرائيليين والفلسطينيين وفق أراء الحاخامات: موقف الحاخام عوبديا يوسف أنموذجا
items: Intercultural Fashion and its Contribution to Women Empowerment in Refugee Camps in the Middle East; Refugee Artisan Collaborations by Fashion Brands
items: الحق في الاختلاف في التراث العربي الاسلاميـ التراث الكلامي نموذجا ـ
items: Therapeutic Implications of Ahkam al Tajweed
items: The Untapped Potential of City Diplomacy in Peacebuilding in the Mena Region
items: UAE Tolerance Framework as a Base for Coexistence in a Multicultural Society
items: Exploring the Rise of Populism Across Borders and Its Implications for Global Cooperation
items: Exploring Leadership approaches of Women in Climate Justice: Pathways to Impact and Empowerment
items: M-learning and autonomous education: the impact of the Moroccan digital classroom project on science subject’s learning
items: Managing Multi-Ethnicity in China, Challenges at Home and Abroad
items: Enhancing Students’ intercultural competences through University Academic Training
items: The Ethical Line Connecting Hieroglyphics to Hyperlinks
items: Evaluating the dynamic interaction between the defence / security policy of the US, UN, and Western Sahara
items: المؤسسة التعليمية .. اغتيال الحوار أم بناء الحوار؟ (بين إنتاج العنف والتفكير الناقد)
items: Strengthening Interfaith Dialogue through Religious Moderation Discourse: An African Perspective
items: The Path to Tolerance begins with Eliminating Certitude
items: Impact of Gender Inequalities on Education in Morocco: An Economic Analysis of Barriers and Opportunities

Redefining Arab identity as an open project in a world
type: item
description: This research explores the necessity of redefining Arab identity as an open project, particularly in a contemporary landscape where conventional meanings disintegrate under the pressures of packaged identities and conflicting linguistic affiliations. By addressing the central question of how this reformation can promote inclusivity and dialogue, the study employs qualitative methodologies, including interviews, surveys, and an analysis of current cultural narratives, to capture the diverse perceptions and lived experiences surrounding Arab identity. Key findings reveal a significant desire among participants for a flexible identity framework that embraces pluralism and fosters intercultural communication, challenging the prevailing notion of a monolithic Arab identity. These insights not only highlight the potential for redefining identity in a more inclusive manner but also underline the critical implications for healthcare, where understanding cultural identity can enhance patient-provider interactions and contribute to more equitable healthcare delivery. The broader impact of this research suggests that by reconceptualizing Arab identity as a dynamic project, stakeholders in the healthcare field can better address the complexities of cultural identity, improve health outcomes, and cultivate a more cohesive society. Ultimately, this study advocates for an ongoing dialogue around identity that can contribute to both personal and collective well-being within diverse populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Arab Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Open World
  topic: keywords
subject: Redifine Identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Arab Culture
  topic: keywords
creator: Firas Habbal
creator: Amjad Taha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-07-29
publication date: 2025-07-29
starting page: 4
ending page: 13
doi: 10.54878/dqhpa618

Acquiring through Letting Go the Bikkurim Commandment and the Foundations of Private Property
type: item
description: The legitimacy of private property is a fundamental question in both economic theory and Jewish thought, as it seeks to resolve the paradox of how mortal beings can claim ownership over a world ultimately belonging to its eternal Creator. Jewish economic thought asserts that all private ownership derives from divine ownership and necessitates acknowledgment of this reality. This issue extends beyond theology, intersecting with modern political and economic discourse. This paper explores the similarities and differences between Jewish and Western philosophical perspectives on property by comparing John Locke’s theories of private ownership with Talmudic concepts found in Tractate Bikkurim of the Jerusalem Talmud. While both frameworks view creation as a divine blessing, Locke perceives it as an invitation for individuals to establish ownership through labor, promoting economic growth without intrinsic moral constraints. In contrast, the Talmud emphasizes a necessary transition between divine and human domains, advocating for limitations on ownership and wealth accumulation. It warns that unchecked human ambition endangers both individuals and society, upholding humility, restraint, and the relinquishment of absolute ownership as a moral imperative. By juxtaposing these perspectives, this study aims to enrich contemporary economic discourse and foster a deeper understanding of the ethical dimensions of property rights, as a venue to increase tolerance and understanding between religions, societies and civilizations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Economics
  topic: keywords
subject: Private Property
  topic: keywords
subject: Talmud
  topic: keywords
subject: John Locke
  topic: keywords
creator: Aharon Ariel Lavi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-06-06
publication date: 2025-06-06
starting page: 72
ending page: 84
doi: 10.54878/ezwf8y79

الحكم الذاتي: المفاهيم والنماذج والتحديات
type: item
description: أصبح الحكم الذاتي الخيار المفضل لدى العديد من الدول عبر العالم لإدارة ومواجهة الصراعات والنزعات الانفصالية وكإطار لتعزيز التعايش داخل المجتمعات، عبر توفيره حكمًا ذاتيًا خاصًا للأقليات المتمركزة إقليميًا. وبدلاً من كونه مؤسسة قائمة بذاتها، غالبًا ما تتم دراسة الحكم الذاتي كشكل من أشكال اللامركزية والفيدرالية أو كنقطة نهاية في عمليات بناء السلام. وللمساعدة في التوضيح المفاهيمي للحكم الذاتي وإظهار نماذجه وتطبيقات المتنوعة، يحلل هذا البحث النماذج والاستخدامات المتنوعة للحكم الذاتي الإقليمي (الحكم الذاتي الديمقراطي، وما بعد الصراع، والمتداخل، والإداري، والثابت والديناميكي). مع الإشارة إلى أهم التحديات التي تواجهه في ظل النظام العالمي.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: الحكم الذاتي
  topic: keywords
subject: السيادة، الأمة
  topic: keywords
subject: الاتحاد
  topic: keywords
subject: النظام الدولي
  topic: keywords
creator: Hicham Ismaili
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-05-06
publication date: 2025-05-06
starting page: 62
ending page: 71
doi: 10.54878/x3vs9d21

صنع السلام بين الاسرائيليين والفلسطينيين وفق أراء الحاخامات: موقف الحاخام عوبديا يوسف أنموذجا
type: item
description: النزاع الإسرائيلي-الفلسطيني: تحليل أكاديمي للبعد الديني يُعَدُّ النزاع الإسرائيلي-الفلسطيني مثالاً على صراع الهوية الذي يشتمل على نزاع حول العنصر الموضوعي المتمثل في الأرض، إلى جانب عناصر الهوية الذاتية مثل التاريخ والثقافة، وفوق كل ذلك – الدين. على مرّ السنين، لم تُولِ عملية السلام السياسية اهتماماً كافياً للعنصر الديني في النزاع، ويبدو أن هذا الأمر قد أضرَّ بها. نسعى إلى توجيه الانتباه إلى الموقف الديني للشريعة اليهودية تجاه عملية السلام، بهدف المساعدة في ترسيخها في المستقبل. تقدم هذه الدراسة موقفاً شرعياً حول إحدى القضايا المحورية في صنع السلام بين إسرائيل والفلسطينيين: اتفاقية "الأرض مقابل السلام" – هل هي مسموحة أم محظورة، وتحت أيّ شروط. أولاً، تستعرض الدراسة مكانة أرض إسرائيل في الديانة اليهودية. ثم تبحث المسألة من خلال التركيز على شخصية وفتاوى الحاخام عوفاديا يوسف، الذي كان الحاخام الأكبر في إسرائيل(1973-1983) وأحد أهم الفقهاء في العالم اليهودي في الجيل الأخير، والذي أجاز اتفاقيات السلام القائمة على مبدأ "الأرض مقابل السلام"، على الرغم من اختلاف العديد من الحاخامات معه في هذا الرأي. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى رسم مسار ممكن للحصول على دعم شرعي من الحاخامات لعملية السلام من أجل المساعدة في التوصل إلى اتفاقية سلام مستدامة.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: عملية السلام الإسرائيلية-الفلسطينية
  topic: keywords
subject: اليهودية
  topic: keywords
subject: الحاخام عوفاديا يوسف
  topic: keywords
subject: اتفاقيات أوسل
  topic: keywords
subject: الأرض مقابل السلام, أرض
  topic: keywords
subject: إسرائيل
  topic: keywords
subject: الشريعة اليهودية (الهالاخاه)
  topic: keywords
creator: Odeya Schuz
creator: Nesya Rubinstein-Shemer
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-05-12
publication date: 2025-05-12
starting page: 53
ending page: 61
doi: 10.54878/80s7zg54

Intercultural Fashion and its Contribution to Women Empowerment in Refugee Camps in the Middle East; Refugee Artisan Collaborations by Fashion Brands
type: item
description: This research paper focuses on the concept of intercultural fashion and its contribution to women's Empowerment in refugee camps in the Middle East. It outlines the alternative and possible solutions in establishing economic and social opportunities for refugee women. It then attempts to analyze how international fashion brands contribute to the lives of refugee women while emphasizing the significance of Feminist Theory in International Relations to understand the broader consequences of gender and power-changing aspects. By analyzing partnerships between global fashion enterprises and artisans, the study will highlight how these collaborations can be a possible solution to promote economic growth, cultural preservation and social incorporation for displaced women. This paper also explores the influence of fashion as a tool for Empowerment and its alignment with the U.N. Sustainable Development Goals.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Women empowerment
  topic: keywords
subject: refugee camps and women in the Middle East
  topic: keywords
subject: Feminist theory in I.R
  topic: keywords
subject: economic empowerment of women
  topic: keywords
creator: Noor Ahmad Subhi Abdelkarim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-05-12
publication date: 2025-05-12
starting page: 37
ending page: 52
doi: 10.54878/c1z3jy07

الحق في الاختلاف في التراث العربي الاسلاميـ التراث الكلامي نموذجا ـ
type: item
description: تسعى هذه الورقة إلى معرفة طبيعة الصورة التي نسجها مفكرونا القدامى حول الآخر المختلف معهم من خارج المعتقد الإسلامي، ذلك أن مقاربة هذه الصورة يمكن أن تمدنا بقدر نعتقد أنه من الأهمية بما كان بخصوص قضية الحق في الاختلاف والاعتراف بالآخر الغير مسلم كطرف مختلف لا يمكن بأي حال من الأحوال العمل على رفضه أو إقصائه. تفترض الدراسة أن مفكرينا القدامى كانوا يدركون أهمية المناظرة والجدل مع الآخر المختلف وفق قواعد ومناهج ساهمت إلى حد كبير في إثراء ثقافتنا العربية الاسلامية، وذلك من خلال امتلاكهم لفكر الاختلاف والاعتراف بالآخر المختلف دون رميه بالكفر أو قتله، بل التعايش معه والانفتاح على ثقافته وإنسانياته المختلفة.فهل يمكن أن نجد بالفعل في تراثنا العربي الاسلامي ما يمكن أن يكون سندا لنا في هذه الدعوى؟ وإلى أي حد استطاع المفكر في ثقافتنا العربية الاسلامية أن يدفع بالاختلاف نحو مسالك الحوار الثقافي بين الحضارات والتشارك الديموقراطي والتعايش بين الديانات والإنسانيات؟
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: الاختلاف
  topic: keywords
subject: الحق في الاختلاف
  topic: keywords
subject: الآخر و التراث
  topic: keywords
subject: ar_AE
  topic: subjects
creator: Yousef El Hicho
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-03-24
publication date: 2025-03-24
starting page: 24
ending page: 36
doi: 10.54878/xmrhh023

Therapeutic Implications of Ahkam al Tajweed
type: item
description: This study aims to determine how the Ahkaam al-Tajweed, a set of rules applied during the memorization of the Quran is a science towards speech and voice regulation. Adherence to these rules while memorizing the Quran improves articulation and regulates the voice. Physical observations were done on certain students and transformations were seen. The results indicate that students who previously faced speech and articulation problems showed transformation after beginning Quran memorization while adhering to Tajweed rules. Voice and speech disorders can be classified into three: functional, neurological, and organic. This study primarily focuses on the issues managed solely by the Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP), particularly those treated through functional therapy approaches. There are various approaches to treating functional disorders, such as learning to reduce the rate of speech, opening the mouth more than usual, or vocal chanting. These practices are inherently integrated into the Ahkam al-Tajweed rules, which are obligatory during the recitation and memorization of the Quran. However, certain organic and neurological speech and voice disorders may require management by professionals other than an SLP, such as an ENT physician, who may address the issue through surgical intervention.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: speech therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: voice therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: tajweed
  topic: keywords
subject: tarteel
  topic: keywords
subject: al-quran
  topic: keywords
subject: speech enhancement
  topic: keywords
subject: voice regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: memorisation
  topic: keywords
creator: Murtaza Ujjainwala
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-03-24
publication date: 2025-03-24
starting page: 11
ending page: 23
doi: 10.54878/05gqnh26

The Untapped Potential of City Diplomacy in Peacebuilding in the Mena Region
type: item
description: Cities can play a significant role in international relations and in building bridges between peoples. This paper examines the role of cities and “city diplomacy” in promoting peace in the MENA region, particu- larly in light of current challenges and the ongoing reality of tension and war. Drawing from Ibn Khaldun, it highlights the significance of cities as cultural and economic hubs capable of fostering trust among diverse populations. With a focus on the rise of mega-cities, the article argues that urban centers hold unique potential for bridging intercultural gaps through “soft” diplomacy. By analyzing sister-city agree- ments and city networks, the paper argues that cities can shape a new regional narrative of solidarity. Case studies of Abu Dhabi, Essaouira, and Haifa demonstrate how city diplomacy can promote toler- ance and multiculturalism. The paper concludes that cities can play a pivotal role in building sustainable regional peace in the MENA region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: City Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Peacebuilding
  topic: keywords
subject: MENA
  topic: keywords
subject: Region Intercultural
  topic: keywords
subject: Relations Soft Power
  topic: keywords
creator: Einat Levi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2025-03-20
publication date: 2025-03-20
starting page: 4
ending page: 10
doi: 10.54878/h91pgn70

UAE Tolerance Framework as a Base for Coexistence in a Multicultural Society
type: item
description: The foundational elements of a tolerance ecosystem encompass policy formulation, educational initiatives, and collaborative partnerships. It underscores the pivotal role of the Ministry of Tolerance and Coexistence in orchestrating systemic efforts towards fostering societal transformation. By synergistically leveraging governmental mandates, educational interventions, and multi-stakeholder collaborations, societies aspire towards realizing a more inclusive and harmonious social order anchored in the ethos of tolerance. This study used an exploratory qualitative research method with interviews. The qualitative data were analyzed using the Braun & Clarke (2006) six-phase framework for thematic analysis. Based on the previous literature findings and the findings from the conducted interviews that we discussed above, the framework has been proposed with 3 main categories for the tolerance ecosystem: policies and strategic plan, promotional content, and partners ( stakeholders ) collaboration, which all empower tolerance directly influencing quality of life and building an inclusive society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: tolerance
  topic: keywords
subject: inclusive society
  topic: keywords
subject: ministry of tolerance and coexistence
  topic: keywords
subject: United Arab Emirates
  topic: keywords
creator: Aleksandra Brankovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 105
ending page: 115
doi: 10.54878/n7pebq27

Exploring the Rise of Populism Across Borders and Its Implications for Global Cooperation
type: item
description: This paper examines the phenomenon of populism and its far-reaching implications for domestic politics and international relations. Following the aftermath of second world war, liberal democracies emerged as stable forms of government, emphasizing individual rights, consensus-building, and the rule of law. However, the rise of populism in recent decades has challenged these established norms, with populist leaders presenting themselves as champions of the people's will against perceived elites and entrenched institutions. Through an analysis of historical contexts and contemporary case studies, including the political trajectories of leaders like Marine Le Pen in France and Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, we explore the diverse manifestations of populism and its impact on democratic governance, social cohesion, and global cooperation. We delve into the complexities of populism's appeal, examining its roots in socio-economic inequalities, cultural anxieties, and disillusionment with traditional political establishments. Furthermore, we investigate the strategies employed by populist leaders to mobilize support and undermine democratic institutions, highlighting the tensions between populism and liberal democratic values such as pluralism, tolerance, and the protection of minority rights. By elucidating the multifaceted dynamics of populism and its far-reaching consequences, this paper aims to provide insights into the challenges facing contemporary societies and the imperative for inclusive, responsive governance in an increasingly interconnected world. Findings: In exploring populism across different contexts, several key findings emerge populist leaders prioritize popular interests over individual rights, impacting political discourse and institutional trust long after their terms; their rise in influential countries can disrupt global organizations like the UN and NATO; while populism can shed light on social issues, it often exhibits authoritarian tendencies. Charismat…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Populism
  topic: keywords
subject: Liberal democracy
  topic: keywords
subject: Political polarization
  topic: keywords
subject: Nationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Globalization
  topic: keywords
subject: Authoritarianism
  topic: keywords
subject: Social justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Democratic values
  topic: keywords
subject: international cooperation
  topic: keywords
creator: Sultan Saif Bin Helal Alshehhi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-12-19
publication date: 2024-12-19
starting page: 99
ending page: 104
doi: 10.54878/4a2bhn65

Exploring Leadership approaches of Women in Climate Justice: Pathways to Impact and Empowerment
type: item
description: This paper will examine the role of women in promoting peace through leadership in the climate justice space; through building an inclusive climate movement to tackle the triple planetary crisis facing the globe. Studies reflect that marginalised populations are disproportionately affected by climate change and environmental degradation, particularly indigenous communities and women, despite contributing the least to climate catastrophe. Women are among the 32.6 million climate migrants and refugees each year, who are in turn, at risk of experiencing gender-based violence. Standing at the frontlines of the triple planetary crisis, women are ideally placed to take up leadership roles within efforts toward achieving climate justice and a sustainable future. Women serve as primary caregivers, often responsible for providing food and water security, sustaining families and households in climate-affected regions. They are the first guardians and caretakers of our youth, possessing the necessary emotional depth, compassion, and maternal instinct to promote the values underpinning climate justice, which at its core, advocate for the sustenance of Mother Earth through an empathetic lens. Women, at the helm of community development and holistic wellbeing, are integral to building peaceful global communities through forming compassionate networks of changemakers, leaders and entrepreneurs adopting sustainable livelihood approaches. Following a conference on “Women, Religion and Climate Change, working together to move faster on climate change” which took place at Wilton Park in the UK in September 2023, an official report of findings and recommendations was produced, highlighting the real-life experiences, opportunities, and challenges within this arena. This report will serve as a key case study for this paper, drawing on discussions and focus groups among the diverse multi-lateral participants, influencers, and faith leaders present at this event. This paper will consider e…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Women
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Empowerment
  topic: keywords
creator: Husna Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-13
publication date: 2024-05-13
starting page: 55
ending page: 65
doi: 10.54878/12et9y23

M-learning and autonomous education: the impact of the Moroccan digital classroom project on science subject’s learning
type: item
description: The widespread adoption of pedagogical digitalization and its integration into teaching practices has been proposed in response to the global health crisis triggered by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. This suggestion, aimed at ensuring inclusivity and equal opportunities among learners, has profoundly influenced education. In 2021, the Moroccan Minister of National Education for Preschool and Sport announced a significant step forward by launching the digital classroom project, combining distance and face-to-face learning models with digital tools to guarantee the continuity of educational systems in Moroccan institutions. The project specifically aims to strengthen the learning of science subjects (Mathematics, Life and Earth Sciences, and Physics) to secure ongoing education in the face of potential future disruptions. This digital pedagogical revolution has emerged as a highly suitable learning method for diverse social groups (such as people with disabilities and refugees) and various challenging circumstances (natural disasters, wars, pandemics…). The research outlined in this context seeks to assess the impact of combining the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital classrooms on the performance of science subjects in the Rabat Sale Kenitra region, providing insights into the evolving educational landscape.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital classroom project
  topic: keywords
subject: M-Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Pedagogical Digitalization
  topic: keywords
creator: Hommane Boudine
creator: Hassan Sajid
creator: Meriem Bentaleb
creator: Mohamed Tayebi
creator: Driss El Karfa
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-13
publication date: 2024-05-13
starting page: 44
ending page: 54
doi: 10.54878/1qcw9564

Managing Multi-Ethnicity in China, Challenges at Home and Abroad
type: item
description: China is unique compared to ancient civilizations due to its 3000-year written history that witnessed the succession of many dynasties, beside its geographic extent, which borders 14 countries. The vast geographic size of China on the Asian continent led some to say that Asia is more Chinese than China is Asian. This was due in part to the political authoritarianism imposed by spreading Confucianism throughout the Asian continent. While China represented the edge of the heart of the world in the theory of Mackinder, the present day says that it is gradually moving towards the center. Politically, China is considered one of the last strongholds of communism in its Chinese version, with a one-party system (the Chinese Communist Party) still in place. The claim that China is a communist state does not deny the existence of capitalist features that are coupled with the state-directed economy, where the state controls about 65% of production. Socially, China is known for its diversity of races and ethnicities, with 56 ethnic groups in which the Han ethnicity dominates with about 1.286 billion people, which is 91.11% of the country's population of approximately 1.411 billion people as announced in May 2021. The rest of the population is distributed among 55 minorities. These minorities vary between Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Taoists, Tibetans, and others, including 10 Muslim minorities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Multi-Ethnicity
  topic: keywords
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: peace
  topic: keywords
subject: Coexistence
  topic: keywords
creator: Badr Kasimi
creator: Abdelmajid Boukir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-13
publication date: 2024-05-13
starting page: 32
ending page: 43
doi: 10.54878/e1vg2b66

Enhancing Students’ intercultural competences through University Academic Training
type: item
description: The present paper aims to exhibit the benefit of intercultural educational courses in enhancing University students’ global understanding, tolerance, and inclusive social engagement. The paper displays the academic description, objectives, and implementation of the practices of the intercultural educational courses. The courses are inserted as major modules in undergraduate college studies. The case study analyzed within this experiment relates to the module entitled “Intercultural Communication”, which is part of a program that runs over three years entitled “Applied Languages in Culture” at Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco. The paper analyses quantitatively and qualitatively the attitudes and performances of undergraduate students having trained in how to succeed in communication in extreme intercultural contexts where different religions, traditions, and beliefs are encountered. Homework tasks, tests, exams, cultural exchange, and student-oriented surveys are analyzed and studied. The results produced by the immersion of intercultural courses in the university academic programs reveal that the graduated students succeed not only in being well integrated in their own cultural community but also in raising their chances of being hired in touristic companies where people from different cultures meet and interact. Such is the case of the graduates in intercultural communication taking place in Marrakech, which is a highly renowned touristic city.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: intercultural communication
  topic: keywords
subject: tolerance
  topic: keywords
subject: interfaith
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural differences
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohamed Jaafari
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-04-22
publication date: 2024-04-22
starting page: 4
ending page: 17
doi: 10.54878/b3xc4f79

The Ethical Line Connecting Hieroglyphics to Hyperlinks
type: item
description: In this day and age, societies are disrupted and their order is unraveled at an unprecedented pace due to accelerating technological and societal change. Millions of people and countless communities are faced with hitherto unknown and complex conditions, on a breathtaking scale. This reality requires creating more societal knowledge, faster than ever before. Such knowledge-creation will be significantly enhanced if it relies on civilizational dialogue and shared wisdom across religious, national, ethnic, and political lines. This article points to a surprisingly inspiring story in contending with such challenges – which is the biblical story about the gladiatorial clash in ancient Egypt between Pharaoh, the demi-god representing polytheism and ancient Egypt’s caste-based society; and Moses, the teacher-leader of the enslaved Hebrews, representing monotheism and the ethos of natural universal human rights. That clash was a turning point in human history because the victory of monotheism over idolatry allowed for the inception and evolution of constitutional and legal systems that were based on the notion of fundamental equality among all humans. Moses is one of the most influential historical figures in human history, whose legacy continues to inspire billions of Muslims, Christians, Jews, and others. The issues that underlie his bout with Pharaoh – justice vs. idolatry, equality vs. privilege, and freedom vs. bondage – continue to challenge and shape our modern societies. Therefore, Moses’s outlook remains the cornerstone of any modern worldview that embraces diversity and advances tolerance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Monotheism
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subject: polytheism
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subject: Abrahamic religions
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subject: Societal disruption
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subject: tolerance
  topic: keywords
subject: justice
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subject: idolatry
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subject: law
  topic: keywords
subject: Abraham
  topic: keywords
creator: Gidi Grinstein
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-11
publication date: 2024-05-11
starting page: 28
ending page: 31
doi: 10.54878/2j9m4s65

Evaluating the dynamic interaction between the defence / security policy of the US, UN, and Western Sahara
type: item
description: The Western Sahara region has been a source of complex political dispute between Morocco and other parties regarding its control. This issue arose subsequent to the decolonization era, and it is obvious that the process of decolonization has encountered various challenges throughout history. Despite the various approaches proposed by global leaders to address such issues and mitigate potential conflicts that could jeopardize regional security, certain methods such as mandates or the exercise of self-determination may be considered. The issue of Western Sahara has an extensive history of disputes and contentions among three primary parties: The Kingdom of Morocco, Mauritania, and the Polis Ario Front. Each of these parties has advanced claims over Western Sahara that align with their respective interests. On the other hand, the territorial dispute garnered the attention of various key players, including the United Nations and Spain, the former colonizer of the region, among others ("Western Sahara | Facts, History, Conflict, Map, & Population," 2023). This study will centre on the interplay between the defence and security policies of the United States and the United Nations in this multifaced issue.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Security
  topic: keywords
subject: western Sahara
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subject: US
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subject: UN
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creator: Sultan saif Mohammed
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-06-20
publication date: 2024-06-20
starting page: 94
ending page: 98
doi: 10.54878/p8xpj3314421

المؤسسة التعليمية .. اغتيال الحوار أم بناء الحوار؟ (بين إنتاج العنف والتفكير الناقد)
type: item
description: لا شك في أن للمؤسسة التعليمية دورًا رئيسًا في عملية بناء الحوار المؤسس للتعايش الحضاري والتعايش الإنساني، ولا أظن عملية بناء الإنسان حضاريًا وحواريًا وتعايشًا يكون لها وجود بمعزل عن المؤسسة التعليمية، إذ هي القادرة – بجوار أخرى- على تشكيل ذلك فيه. فهي القادرة بوصفها المنوط بها عملية التعليم والتربية الأخلاقية على توجيهه إلى الحوار لا العنف، النقاش لا الخلاف، الحجاج لا الجدل. ومن هنا فإن هذا البحث تبدو أهميته في محاولة الوقوف على دور المؤسسة التعليمية في إشاعة روح التعايش السلمي الإنساني وإرساء أسس الحوار بين الجميع، تمهيدًا لبناء إنسان قادر على التكيف مع العالم من حوله. كما تبدو أهميته ثانيًا في محاولة الوقوف على الجانب السلبي الذي يمكن أن تؤدي إليه المؤسسة التعليمية في اغتيال الحوار من خلال إشاعة ممارسات تقوم على العنف وعدم تقبل الآخر أي كان. كذلك تبدو أهميته ثالثًا في الوقوف على الجانب الإيجابي الذي يمكن أن تؤديه في هذا المجال، من خلال إشاعات ممارسات التفكير النقدي وجعله منهج حياة، فتكون المؤسسة التعليمية مؤسسة لبناء الحوار لا اغتياله. ويقوم البحث على مجموعة من التساؤلات التي تتبلور حولها إشكاليته الرئيسة، هذه التساؤلات مؤداها: ما درو المؤسسة التعليمية في إشاعة روح الحوار والتعايش الإنساني؟ وهل المؤسسات التعليمية يمكن أن تؤدي دورًا سلبيًا يغتال الحوار ويقضي على منابعه، مما يكون له أثر غير إيجابي في عملية التسامح والتواصل والتعايش؟ كيف تودي المؤسسة التعليمية دورها الإيجابي المنوطة بها في توفير جو من الحوار وممارسته وتفعيل تواجده في عقلية الطلاب وذهنيتهم؟ وكيف يكون التفكير النقدي الأساس الذي تقيم عليه ذلك؟ وفي ضوء هذه الإشكاليات أو التساؤلات تتحدد محاور البحث، وهي على النحو التالي: أ – مقدمة: ب - المؤسسة التعليمية ماذا يمكن أن تقدم. ج - المؤسسة التعليمية وإنتاج العنف (اغتيال الحوار). د - المؤسسة التعليمية والتفكير الناقد (بناء الحوار). ه – الخاتمة.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: التفكير النقدي
  topic: keywords
subject: التواصل
  topic: keywords
subject: بناء الحوار
  topic: keywords
subject: اغتيال الحوار
  topic: keywords
subject: المؤسسة التعليمية
  topic: keywords
creator: Mahmoud Kishana
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-14
publication date: 2024-05-14
starting page: 86
ending page: 93
doi: 10.54878/29w0zb03

Strengthening Interfaith Dialogue through Religious Moderation Discourse: An African Perspective
type: item
description: This paper aims to demonstrate how religions moderation can help strengthen inter-religious dialogue and peace-building processes in Africa. The African context of violent-extremism and radicalization is quite different from what is obtainable in other part of the world. The paper focuses more on the root causes, drivers and motivations of radicalization and violent extremism in Africa and thereby proffer sustainable solutions among which religious moderation is tangential to reducing the negative narratives propounded and used by perpetrators. This paper will provide a brief introduction to the terms interfaith dialogue, peace-building, religious moderation discourse, radicalization, violent extremism and terrorism: and will present various ways they have been defined in existing academic literature and policy document. It will further explain the nexus between interfaith dialogue and religious moderation, and provide practical ways of reducing violent extremism, radicalization and extremism in other to foster sustainable peace in Africa.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Religion
  topic: keywords
subject: Moderation
  topic: keywords
subject: Interfaith Dialogue
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subject: Trajectory
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subject: African Perspective
  topic: keywords
creator: Shefiu Abdulkareem Majemu
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-14
publication date: 2024-05-14
starting page: 76
ending page: 85
doi: 10.54878/2apnq261

The Path to Tolerance begins with Eliminating Certitude
type: item
description: The nub of this essay is that all our certitudes are illusory. But first, let me explain certitude, an uncommon word. It means holding absolute certainty about a notion, which, though one may believe that conviction to be the result of an intellectual process, is actually a feeling generated by our subjectivities – our formative and environmental circumstances – consistent with and reinforced by them. For instance, if we are financially secure, we may believe utterly that stealing is wrong, a moral consistent with the preservation of our wealth and comfort; whereas those who are starving may be less convinced. In short, certitude is a rigid sense that no other view is arguable. Certainty is also a firm conviction about an issue, but may be reached after logical reasoning, without any involvement of emotion. For example, once we accept the premises that All men are mortal and Charles is a man, we conclude with certainty that Charles is mortal; but we probably aren’t emotionally invested in that result. The availability of certainty in any enquiry depends much on the subject-matter and the methodology employed. Closed systems, like law and engineering, where accepted definitions and principles abound and deductive logic can be readily applied, offer a degree of certainty of conclusion on issues within the field. But with open topics, such as ethics, human rights, social behavior, politics and culture, both certainty and certitude about conclusions are unavailable. (The one exception is when those conclusions are dictated by religious belief, a situation which stands outside this discussion.) To say that certainty is unavailable is not to suggest that we should not hold firm opinions; merely that we should recognise that others may have contrary views for reasons no less arguable than our own. Why is certainty not achievable in respect of open topics? Because subjectivity enters the reasoning process, because language is ambiguous, especially when we address concepts t…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: reasoning
  topic: keywords
subject: limitations
  topic: keywords
subject: illusions
  topic: keywords
subject: consequences
  topic: keywords
subject: change
  topic: keywords
creator: Bernard Warnick
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-14
publication date: 2024-05-14
starting page: 66
ending page: 75
doi: 10.54878/mcav6y61

Impact of Gender Inequalities on Education in Morocco: An Economic Analysis of Barriers and Opportunities
type: item
description: Gender inequalities in the field of education pose a major issue that continues to challenge development efforts in Morocco. Despite significant progress made in the education sector over the past decades, persistent gender disparities hinder equitable access to quality education. This study aims to examine the economic impact of these gender inequalities on the Moroccan education system, focusing on the barriers that impede girls' access to education and the potential opportunities associated with promoting gender equality.Drawing on an exhaustive review of recent economic literature, this research explores the socio-economic determinants of gender inequalities in education in Morocco. It also examines the economic consequences of these disparities, both in the short and long term, with an emphasis on their impact on productivity, economic growth, and poverty reduction.The study employs a rigorous quantitative methodology, analyzing empirical data from various national and international sources. An advanced econometric model is applied to assess the extent of the impact of gender inequalities on educational performance and the country's economic outcomes.Through this analysis, we hope to provide relevant insights for policymakers, researchers, and development stakeholders concerned with promoting gender equality and improving the education system in Morocco. The findings will contribute to guiding public policies aimed at strengthening equitable access to education and creating an enabling environment for the development of all individuals, regardless of their gender.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender inequalities
  topic: keywords
subject: Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic development
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subject: Morocco
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammed Alami Chentoufi
creator: Aniss Ait Alla
creator: Naoual Mamdouh
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Civilizations Studies & Tolerance Sciences
date: 2024-05-10
publication date: 2024-05-10
starting page: 18
ending page: 27
doi: 10.54878/haemsz87