Thymus Vulgaris L.-Aloe Vera mediated antimicrobial iodophor against wound- and surgical site infections

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerges due to uncontrolled use of antimicrobials and endangers the survival of mankind. Multi-drug-resistant microorganisms acquire resistance against common drugs and increase morbidity and mortality rates among population and specifically immunocompromised patients. New generations of plant-mediated antimicrobial agents are needed to as a solution against AMR globally. Medicinal plants contain bioactive components, which synergistically act against any dangers. These bio-compounds could be used and combined through iodophors into antimicrobial formulations by one-pot-synthesis. The general target is to find low-cost, easy accessible formulations able to lives during future pandemics. The formulations could be independent to shortages of disinfectants and personal protective equipment during crisis. The formulations may be dip-coated on face masks, bandages and sutures for prevention and treatment of infections. We prepared bio-active polymeric iodophors consisting of Thymus vulgaris L (Thyme), Aloe Vera Barbadensis Miller L. (AV), Iodine (I2) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Thyme, AV and PVP-iodine are well known antimicrobials and microbicides, which are used since ancient times. Their combination in different formulations were analyzed by UV, FTIR, SEM, EDS, XRD and Raman. Antimicrobial tests were performed against 10 pathogenic reference microorganisms. The formulations proved to be effective as antifungal and antibacterial agents on surgical sutures, bandages and face masks. Our formulation on disposable face masks allows re-use and therefore reduces waste products. The coated sutures and bandages could reduce surgical site- and wound- infections. The compounds can help against AMR and support waste- , as well as resource management during future crisis and pandemics.