Antiviral Activity of Extracted Fraction from Camel Urine Against Corona and Influenza A (H1n1) Viruses

PMF (a camel urine or PM 701 fraction), is a traditional treatment for many human diseases. Demands for developing clinical treatments against dangerous viruses are increasing. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PMF as a novel pharmaceutical drug in vitro in inducing antiviral and/or virostatic activity against MERS-CoV and influenza A (H1N1) viruses. Infectivity assay was determined by end point dilution titration, infective dose was calculated and PMF virucidal activity was evaluated as a reduction factor. Quantitative virucidal suspension test was performed using TGEV virus, as a model for MERS-CoV, and H1N1 virus. The results indicated that PMF concentration of 20.34% inactivated 99.5% of the TGEV virus after 60 min, and 99.9% after 240 min. The results also indicated that the same PMF concentration inactivated H1N1 virus on Madin Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK/63) by 98.90% and 99.99% after 60 and 240 min, respectively. We speculate that copper and zinc elements in PM