Examining The Impact Of Interest Rate, Inflation And Balance Of Trade On Saudi Arabia’s Financial Markets Performance
Abstract
A confirmatory framework, utilizing the positivist standpoint, provides clarifications of the issue at hand. Investigating the impact of the macroeconomic factors on the profits of Saudi Arabia’s stock exchange was developed. Following thorough research, it became clear that a correlative study was required. Secondary data, gathered from to 2006 to 2021, was interpreted through regression analysis for the purpose of the study. As such, a numerical examination was conducted in order to observe the correlation of the macroeconomic variables and changes in Saudi Arabia’s stock market. The findings results indicate that the balance of trade has a consequence on Saudi Arabia’s stock exchange performance. The aim of this study is to improve the level of understanding of the stock market behavior for entrepreneur, stock market decision maker, whereas deterrent measures in contrast to the risk comprised in stock market performance can be taken by the establishments.
References
- Chengjun , W., & Wenjie Zhua , Z. (2021). Time-varying influence of interest rates on stock returns: evidence from China. china: taylor and francis
- Abdallah, F. & Knio, M.-S. (2020). “Investigating the Effect of Political Turmoil on the Behaviour of Tadawul Stock Market, KSA.” Abstract Presented by Dr. Mohammad Knio at The Conference on Behavior in the Middle East Opportunities for Business, Istanbul Ayadin University, Turkey, 13th15th of February 2020.
- Al-Nahlehb, M., Al-Zaubia, K. (2021). “Financial Markets Efficiency: Empirical Evidence from some Middle East and North Africa Countries”. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 49, 172–184.
- Alam, M. & Uddin, G.S., (2009) “Relationship between interest rate and stock price: empirical evidence from developed and developing countries”, International Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 43-51.
- Allen, F., Brealey, R., Myers, S. (2011). Principles of Corporate Finance. Global Edition. Mc Graw Hill.
- Apergis, N. & Eleftheriou, S., (2022) “Interest rates, inflation, and stock prices: the case of the Athens Stock Exchange”, Journal of Policy Modeling, 24(3).
- Brigham, M.C. (2011). Financial Management: Theory and Practice. 13th Edition. South Western CENAGE Learning
- Bistrova, J., Lace, N. (2009). Relevance of fundamental analysis on the Baltic equity market. Economics and Management, Vol. 14, p. 132-137
- Borges, M. R. (2008). Efficient market hypothesis in European stock markets. Technical University of Lisbon Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. WP 20/2008/DE/CIEF.
- Campbell, J., Shiller, R. (1998). “Valuation ratios and the long-run market outlook”. Journal of Portfolio Management, 24, 11–26.
- Chaaban, J. (2019). "Lebanon Needs a Budget for Its People, Not its Ruling Class". Beirut Today, April 23, 2019.
- Chadha, P., Joshua, L., Potdar, N., Shawn L. K. J. (2012). Is the Mongolian equity market efficient? Empirical evidence from tests of weak-form efficiency. Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, Vol. 25, p. 181–191.
- De Bondt, W., Thaler, R. (1985). « Does the stock market overreact”? Journal of Finance, 40(3), 793–805.
- Deepanjana Varshney and Wasfa Asim Siddiqui. Applying Strategic Management approaches to a nursery school in the United Arab Emirates. EJBESS. 2022. Vol. 1(2):86-97. DOI: 10.54878/EJBESS.192
- El-Bacha, F. (2020a). “Coronavirus: L’erreur libanaise” [Online] Available at: https://libnanews.com/coronavirus-lerreurlibanaise/ (Accessed on: September, 18th, 2020).
- Eizentas, V., Krušinskas, R., Stankevičienė, J. (2012). Impact of public information signals on share prices: evidence from Lithuania. Economics and Management, 17(3), 879–888.
- Fama, E. (1965). Random walks in stock market prices. Financial Analysts Journal, 21(5), 55–59.
- Fama, E. (1970). Efficient capital markets: a review of theory and empirical work. Journal of Finance, 25(2), 383–417.
- Fama, E. (1991). Efficient capital markets: II. Journal of Finance, 6(5), 1575–1617.
- Fama, E., & French, K. (1988). Permanent and temporary components of stock prices, 96(2), 246–273.
- Gembickaja, N., Stankevičienė, J. (2012). “Market behaviour: case studies of NASDAQ OMX Baltic”. Business, Management and Education, 10(1).
- Gerges, F.-A. (2020). “Will Beirut's blast be a catalyst for change”? [Online] Available at: https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/politics/1159968-will-beiruts-blast-be-a-catalyst-for-change (Accessed on: September, 18th 2020).
- Goedhart, M., Koller, T., Wessels, D. (2010). Valuation. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
- Higgs, H., Worthington, A. C. (2004). “Random walks and market efficiency in European equity markets”. Global Journal of Finance and Economics, 1(1).
- Hobeika, L. (2019). “High-interest rates mean a weaker currency”, [Online] Available at: https://en.annahar.com/article/1039542-highinterest-rates-mean-a-weaker-currency (Accessed on: September, 18th 2020).
- Januškevičius, M. (2003). Testing stock market efficiency using neural networks: case of Lithuania. SSE Riga Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 17 (52).
- Jarmalaitė, N. (2002). The relationship between accounting numbers and returns in the Baltic stock markets. Proceedings of a CEPR/WDI Annual International Conference on Transition Economics. Centre for Economic Policy Research.
- Jazepčikaitė, V. (2008). Baltic Stock Exchanges‘ Mergers: The Effects on the Market Efficiency Dynamics. Saarbrücken: VDM Publishing.
- Kaniel, R., Liu, S., Saar, G., Titman, S. (2012). Individual investor trading and return patterns around earnings announcements. Journal of Finance,67(2).
- Keynes, J. M. (1936). The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. London: Macmillan.
- Kiete, K., Uloza, G. (2005). The information efficiency of the stock markets in Lithuania and Latvia. SSE Riga Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 7 (75).
- Kim, J. H., Shamsuddin, A. (2008). Are Asian stock markets efficient? Evidence from new multiple variance ratio tests. Journal of Empirical Finance, Vol. 15.
- Knio, M. (2018). “Examining the Impact of Political Events on Stock Market Returns in Tadawul, KSA”, Abstract presented at the 8th Academic International Conference on Business, Marketing and Management (AICBMM 2018 Oxford), November 12-14, 2018, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Korhonen, I. (1998). Preliminary tests on price formation and weak-form efficiency in Baltic stock exchanges. Review of Economies in Transition, 7(5).
- Laidroo, L., (2008). “Public Announcement induced market reactions on Baltic stock exchanges”. Baltic Journal of Management, 3(2), 174–192.
- Laidroo, L., & Grigaliūnienė, Z. (2012). “Testing for asymmetries in price reactions to quarterly earnings announcements on Tallinn, Riga and Vilnius stock exchanges during 2000–2009”. Baltic Journal of Economics, 12(1).
- Lim, K. P. (2009). An empirical analysis of the weak-form efficiency of stock markets. Doctoral dissertation. Melbourne: Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University.
- Lo, A., MacKinlay, A. (1988). “Stock market prices do not follow random walks: evidence from a simple specification test”. Review of Financial Studies, 1(1), 41–66
- Magnus, F. J. (2008). “Capital market efficiency: an analysis of weak-form efficiency on the Ghana stock exchange”. Journal of Money, Investment and Banking, 5, 5–12.
- Malkiel, B. G. (2011). The efficient-market hypothesis and the financial crisis. Rethinking Finance: Perspectives on the Crisis (Proceedings of a Conference). Russel Sage Foundation.
- Marshall, B., Visaltanachoti, N. (2010). “The other January effect: evidence against market efficiency”? Journal of Banking & Finance, 34(10), 2413–2424.
- Menike, L.M.C.S., (2006) “The effect of macroeconomic variables on stock prices in emerging Sri Lankan stock market”, Sabaragamuwa University Journal, 6(1), 50-67.
- Omran, M.M., (2003) “Time series analysis of the impact of real interest rates on stock market activity and liquidity in Egypt: Co-integration and error correction model approach”, International Journal of Business, 8(3).
- Omran, M.M., & Pointon, J.U., (2001) “Does the inflation rate affect the performance of the stock market? The case of Egypt”, Emerging Markets Review, 2, 263-277.
- Riktesh Srivastava. Identification of Online Recruitment Fraud (ORF) through Predictive Models. EJBESS. 2022. Vol. 1(1):39-51. DOI: 10.54878/EJBESS.170
- Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2008). Research Methods for Business Students, (5th Ed.), Pearson.
- Schwert, G. W. (2003). Anomalies and market efficiency. NBER Working Paper Series, Working Paper 9277.
- Shefrin, H. (2007). “Behavioral finance: biases, meanvariance returns, and risk premiums”. CFA Institute Conference Proceedings,24(2), 4–12.
- Sekaran, U. (2018). Research Methods for Business, (3rd Ed.), Wiley.
- Shiller, R. (2003). “From efficient markets theory to behavioral finance”. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(1), 83–104.
- Shleifer, A. (2000). Inefficient Markets. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Stivers, C., Sun, L., Sun, Y. (2009). “The other January effect: international, style, and sub-period evidence”. Journal of Financial Markets, 12(3), 521–546.
- Vuolteenaho, T. (2002). “What drives firm-level stock returns”? Journal of Finance, 57(1), 233–264.
- Zach, T. (2003) “Political events and the stock market: Evidence from Israel”. International Journal of Business, 8 (3), 243-266.
Downloads
Similar Articles
- Dr. Mohamad Saad El Dine Knio, Dr. Hassan Houmani, Examining the impact of the stock market development on Economic growth- KSA Tadawul. , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Dr. Hamad Al Ali, Effect of Macroeconomic indicators on Financial Inclusion: A Study of EAGLES Economies , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Fawaz M. Habbal , H.E Dherar Belhoul Al Falasi , Tamima Mohammad ALNaiser , The role of Artificial Intelligence to Empower Public Services for Talent Attraction: A Comparative Analysis for the UAE , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Aman Verma, Varinder Singh Rana, Need Of Innovative Role On Regional Food (Dham) In The Hospitality Sector Of Himachal Pradesh , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Hashem Ali Almashaqbeh, Challenges faced by foreign companies in Turkey due to volatility of the local currency , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Sahil Uberoi, Do Markets react to Government and Stock Exchange-Disclosed ESG regulations and policies through Banks and Public Firms? , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Riktesh Srivastava, Service Quality Control using Queuing Theory , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Waled Bin Wabar, Effectiveness of SAIs as an International Anticorruption Practice , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Firas Habbal, Standards of Building e-Learning Systems in Higher Education , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Deepanjana Varshney, Wasfa Asim Siddiqui , Applying Strategic Management approaches to a nursery school in the United Arab Emirates , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- AbdelAziz AlOwais, Dr. Farzana Mirb, The social, economic and environmental impacts of a 4-day workweek in an organization. , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Abdullah Radwan Arabeyyat, Reeman Aldweik, A Comprehensive Exploration of the Jordan Tourism Board's 2023 Strategic Planning, News, and Social Media , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Dr. Najmudeen Sulthan, Dr. Farjah H. AlGahtani, Moaid mahjoub, Dr. Mohammed Al-Surf, Dr.Sharfras Navas.M.A, Physician Entrepreneurs and AI Technology: An In-depth Study of Knowledge, Competence, Adoption, and Sustainability in the GCC Region , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Prof. Assem Tharwat, Amer Hani Al-Qassem, Ms. Sunita Marwaha, THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION READINESS TOWARDS THE NEW NORMALCY IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Varinder Singh Rana, Ashish Raina, Gaurav Bathla, THE EFFECT OF SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES ON CUSTOMER ATTITUDE: A STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE HOSPITALITY OPERATIONS , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Fawaz M. Habbal , H.E Dherar Belhoul Al Falasi , Tamima Mohammad ALNaiser , The role of Artificial Intelligence to Empower Public Services for Talent Attraction: A Comparative Analysis for the UAE , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Hashem Ali Almashaqbeh, Challenges faced by foreign companies in Turkey due to volatility of the local currency , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Sahil Uberoi, Do Markets react to Government and Stock Exchange-Disclosed ESG regulations and policies through Banks and Public Firms? , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Dr. Firas Habbal, H.E.Dherar Belhoul Al Falasi , Future Development Strategies to Enhance National Workforce Sustainability: A Comprehensive Review , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies
- Anas El Azizi El Alaoui, Abdelali Fateh, The Geomarketing and the competitiveness of the spaces urban Morocco , Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies: Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Emirati Journal of Business, Economics, & Social Studies